"There are approximately 2,000,000 children in the United States with IQ's
of 140* or more. Persons in that range (which would include most Quiz Kids)
constitute, according to some estimates, one percent of the population:
a potential genius for every hundred people walking the streets! Even Terman
began to back off from such blanket characterizations when faced with the
fact that not all his subjects had enjoyed brillant careers. (interestingly,
on the other side of the coin, Nobel prizewinners William Shockley and
Luis Alvarez reportedly did not qualify for the Terman sample.)
"Lou Cowan, originator
of the "Quiz Kids," understood as some of our public did not) that I. Q.
alone does not a genius make, and that a child who can read at three, identify
hundreds of birds, or memorize a long list of Biblical "begats" is not
, ipso facto, a prodigy. True prodigies are rare, and are not, generally
speaking, found on quiz shows. They are too busy pursuing the intensive
training they need in order to advance in their fields---usually self-contained
fields like music or math, which can be mastered rapidly without consummate
life experience.
"'Quiz Kids' did number
some musical prodigies among its roster, including Lonny Lunde and Joan
Bishop. For numerical virtuosity, we might nominate Joel Kupperman and
Richard Williams. But Joan and Lon chose not to pursue concert piano careers,
and neither Joel nor Dick cared to devote himself to higher mathematics.
"As Professor David
Feldman of Tufts University points out, interest and tenacious commitment
are keys to a prodigy's progress. Further, it is not uncommon for a musical
prodigy to peak early and drop from notice, nor for a math prodigy to end
up in a different field--few, as they move along, show the inclination
or capacity for deep mathematical analysis. And prodigious capability rarely
transfers from one field to another."
* - Best estimates point toward a frequency
of occurence of ratio IQ's of 140 and above of 1-in-80. Of course,
there wouldn't have been 2,000,000 children with IQ's of 140 or above in
1982, but there might have been something like 2,000,000 people in toto.
Today, we would expect in excess of 3,000,000.
Ms. Feldman continues:
"Darwin was no child
wonder. He was uninterested in his studies and made false starts on two
different careers before joining the voage of the Beagle at twenty-one
as a junior naturalist. As his autobiography revelas, he considered his
abilities only moderate. He was not, he claimed, quick or clever; he had
difficulty following an abstract train of thought; and his memory was
so poor that he could not recall a date of a line of poetry for more than
a few days(!) Certainly not Quiz Kid material!
"What he did have was
a love of science, 'inbounding patience,' industriousness, and 'a fair
share invention as well as common sense." Above all, an open mind and 'the
strongest desire to understand or explain' what he observed. Like other
great thinkers, he had what has been called a 'divine discontent; urging
him on...a combination of inspiration and self-discipline."
"Fundamental to success
is the ability to focus on and pursue a goal, as Harve did. Being well-rounded,
as Quiz Kids were supposed to be, some of us have found it difficult to
do that. Jack Lucal calls jhimself an 'intellectual wanderer.' Joan Bishop
is 'honeycombed.' I never went to graduate scool because I could not commit
myself to a particular field."
"In a Darwinian sense,
the fittest were those of us whose talents were particularly adapted to
success in the Quiz Kid environment; and those abilities, in turn, were
sharpened in the process. That we were not necessarily fittest to be opera
stars or Nobel prizewinners, Presidents or Popes, should disappoint only
the naive.
"Yet some of us have
a nagging feeling that we should have done more."
"I, for one, found it
difficult, after my childhood laurels and my parents' lavish praise, to
accept life's inevitable disappointments and my own parental shortcomings.
While my early success left me (as it did some of my Quiz Kid colleagues)
with the buoying but rather irrational feeling that I can do anything,
at the same time I felt inadequate to meet that impossible expectation.
One reason is that the more deeply I went into something, the more distant
horizons I could glimpse. In college, I would come out of each examination
worried about how I had done--to my classmates' disbelief, since I rarely
fell below an A."